Buttons: Buttons were invented in the 1200s. They helped clothes be tighter and keep in more heat. Rich used them first, then poor wanted to copy them. Daring WWI soldiers hid compasses in buttons. Today buttons are made out of plastic.
Oil Painting: Before oil painting was invented we had to use tempera paint. Tempera is made from pigment and a binder like egg yolk, milk, or honey. Purple pigment came from snail mucus. Blue pigment comes from blue gemstones. Painters helped people understand the Bible.
Cannons: Before cannons were invented, there were lots of stone castles. There were lots of small kingdoms. Cannons are more accurate than the trebuchet. Rifling made it even better.
Spinning Wheel: Looms got so good, they could not make thread fast enough. The Chinese invented the spinning wheel. An entrepreneur brought it to Europe in the 1200s. Now they could make it 10 times faster. These improvements made the first factories.
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